olopatadine (nasal)

General

Pronunciation:
o-lo-pa-ta-deen

Trade Name(s)

• Patanase

Ther. Class.

allergy, cold and cough remedies

Pharm. Class.

antihistamines

Indications

Seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Action

Antagonizes the effects of histamine at histamine₁  receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine.

Therapeutic Effect(s):

Decreased symptoms of histamine excess including rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal itching.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: 57% absorbed from nasal mucosa.

Distribution: Unknown.

Metabolism and Excretion: Minimal metabolism; 70% eliminated in urine mostly as unchanged drug; 17% fecal elimination.

Half-life: 8–12 hr.

TIME/ACTION PROFILE

Contraindication/Precautions

Contraindicated in:

• None.

Use Cautiously in:

• OB:   Safety not established in pregnancy;
• Lactation:  Safety not established in breastfeeding;
• Pedi:  Children <6 yr (safety and effectiveness not established);
• Geri:  Dose cautiously in older adults; consider age-related ↓ in organ function and concurrent medications.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects

EENT: epistaxis, nasal perforation, nasal ulceration, pharyngolaryngeal pain, postnasal drip

GI: bitter taste

Neuro: drowsiness, headache

Resp: cough

* CAPITALS indicate life-threatening.
Underline indicate most frequent.

Interactions

Drug-Drug

↑ CNS depression may occur with  alcohol ; avoid concurrent use.

Route/Dosage

Intranasal (Adults and Children  ≥ 12 yr): 2 sprays in each nostril twice daily.

Intranasal (Children 6–11 yr): 1 spray in each nostril twice daily.

Availability (generic available)

Nasal spray: 665 mcg/spray in 30.5-g bottle (provides 240 sprays)

In Combination with: mometasone (Ryaltris). See combination drugs.

Assessment

• Assess for symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (sneezing, runny nose, nasal itching) prior to and during therapy.

Implementation

• Administer 2 sprays per nostril twice daily.

Patient/Family Teaching

• Instruct patient to prime nasal spray by releasing 5 sprays or spraying until a fine mist appears before initial use. If unit has not been used within 7 days, reprime with 2 sprays. Advise patient to discard nasal device after 240 sprays (30 days) even if bottle is not completely empty; correct amount of medication cannot be assured after 240 sprays.
• May cause drowsiness. Advise patient to avoid driving or other activities that require alertness until response to medication is known.
• Instruct patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants.
• Rep:  Advise females of reproductive potential to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding.

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

Relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal itching).