High Alert Medication: This medication bears a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when it is used in error.
Pronunciation:
mill-ri-none
Trade Name(s)
Ther. Class.
inotropics
Short-term treatment of HF unresponsive to conventional therapy with digoxin, diuretics, and vasodilators.
Therapeutic Effect(s):
Increased cardiac output (inotropic effect).
Absorption: IV administration results in complete bioavailability.
Distribution: Unknown.
Metabolism and Excretion: 80–90% excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
Half-life: 2.3 hr (↑ in renal impairment).
TIME/ACTION PROFILE (hemodynamic effects)
ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
---|---|---|---|
IV | 5–15 min | unknown | 3–6 hr |
Contraindicated in:
Use Cautiously in:
CNS: headache, tremor
CV: VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS, angina pectoris, chest pain, hypotension, supraventricular arrhythmias
CV: skin rash
GI: ↑ liver enzymes
F and E: hypokalemia
Hemat: thrombocytopenia
* CAPITALS indicate life-threatening.
Underline indicate most frequent.
Drug-Drug
None significant.
IV (Adults): Loading dose– 50 mcg/kg followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 mcg/kg/min (range 0.375–0.75 mcg/kg/min).
IV (Infants and Children): Loading dose– 50 mcg/kg over 10 min followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 mcg/kg/min (range 0.25–0.75 mcg/kg/min).
Injection: 1 mg/mL
Premixed infusion: 20 mg/100 mL, 40 mg/200 mL
Lab Test Considerations:
Monitor electrolytes and renal function frequently during administration. Correct hypokalemia prior to administration to decrease the risk of arrhythmias.
Toxicity Overdose:
High Alert: Overdose manifests as hypotension. Dose should be decreased or discontinued. Supportive measures may be necessary.
Inform patient and family of reasons for administration. Milrinone is not a cure but is a temporary measure to control the symptoms of HF.
Decrease in the signs and symptoms of HF.
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Anesthesia Central is an all-in-one web and mobile solution for treating patients before, during, and after surgery. This collection of drugs, procedures, and test information is derived from Davis’s Drug, MGH Clinical Anesthesia Procedures, Pocket Guide to Diagnostic Tests, and PRIME Journals. Complete Product Information.