Clinical Anesthesia Procedures
Specific Considerations With Pulmonary Disease - Asthma
Background
Background. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness and remodeling. It affects more than 300 million people worldwide. The affected population is heterogeneous, with multiple inciting etiologies, but with a common endotype involving eosinophilic inflammation associated with Th2 response that usually responds to inhaled steroids. One endotype, a neutrophilic inflammatory asthma (T2-low asthma) is, however, very poorly responsive to routine asthma treatment.
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Citation
Pino, Richard M., editor. "Specific Considerations With Pulmonary Disease - Asthma." Clinical Anesthesia Procedures, 10th ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2022. Anesthesia Central, anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728139/1/Specific_Considerations_With_Pulmonary_Disease___Asthma.
Specific Considerations With Pulmonary Disease - Asthma. In: Pino RMR, ed. Clinical Anesthesia Procedures. Wolters Kluwer; 2022. https://anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728139/1/Specific_Considerations_With_Pulmonary_Disease___Asthma. Accessed August 27, 2025.
Specific Considerations With Pulmonary Disease - Asthma. (2022). In Pino, R. M. (Ed.), Clinical Anesthesia Procedures (10th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. https://anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728139/1/Specific_Considerations_With_Pulmonary_Disease___Asthma
Specific Considerations With Pulmonary Disease - Asthma [Internet]. In: Pino RMR, editors. Clinical Anesthesia Procedures. Wolters Kluwer; 2022. [cited 2025 August 27]. Available from: https://anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728139/1/Specific_Considerations_With_Pulmonary_Disease___Asthma.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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BT - Clinical Anesthesia Procedures
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PB - Wolters Kluwer
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DP - Unbound Medicine
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