Anesthesia for Obstetrics and Gynecology - Labor and Delivery
Labor
Labor is defined as the onset of painful uterine contractions that lead to cervical change, and it may be divided into three stages.
- The first stage begins with the onset of regular contractions and ends with full cervical dilation. It is divided into a slow latent phase and a rapidly progressive active phase characterized by accelerated cervical dilation. Patients with body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 and male fetuses may experience prolonged first stage of labor. Such factors highlight the limitations of widespread use of a single labor curve for all patients.
- The second stage extends from full cervical dilation until delivery of the infant.
- The third stage begins after delivery of the infant, ending with delivery of the placenta.
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Citation
Pino, Richard M., editor. "Anesthesia for Obstetrics and Gynecology - Labor and Delivery." Clinical Anesthesia Procedures, 9th ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2019. Anesthesia Central, anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728342/all/Anesthesia_for_Obstetrics_and_Gynecology___Labor_and_Delivery.
Anesthesia for Obstetrics and Gynecology - Labor and Delivery. In: Pino RMR, ed. Clinical Anesthesia Procedures. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. https://anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728342/all/Anesthesia_for_Obstetrics_and_Gynecology___Labor_and_Delivery. Accessed November 3, 2024.
Anesthesia for Obstetrics and Gynecology - Labor and Delivery. (2019). In Pino, R. M. (Ed.), Clinical Anesthesia Procedures (9th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. https://anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728342/all/Anesthesia_for_Obstetrics_and_Gynecology___Labor_and_Delivery
Anesthesia for Obstetrics and Gynecology - Labor and Delivery [Internet]. In: Pino RMR, editors. Clinical Anesthesia Procedures. Wolters Kluwer; 2019. [cited 2024 November 03]. Available from: https://anesth.unboundmedicine.com/anesthesia/view/ClinicalAnesthesiaProcedures/728342/all/Anesthesia_for_Obstetrics_and_Gynecology___Labor_and_Delivery.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Anesthesia for Obstetrics and Gynecology - Labor and Delivery
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